It is essential to have various survivor voices lending feedback into all areas of an organizations work. Maldives Authorities use threats of physical violence, forcible drug intake, physical and sexual abuse, and torture to force detainees to work in adjacent or off-site factories or worksites producing garments, footwear, carpets, yarn, food products, holiday decorations, building materials, extractives, materials for solar power equipment and other renewable energy components, consumer electronics, bedding, hair products, cleaning supplies, personal protective equipment, face masks, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other goodsand these goods are finding their way into businesses and homes around the world. Melissa Verlaque While the TVPA and UN TIP Protocol call on governments to proactively address trafficking crimes, some governments are part of the problem, directly compelling their citizens into sexual slavery or forced labor schemes. The criteria and procedures were designed to minimize risks to project team members and research participants by considering the best-available national and project-level information and the latest public health recommendations for COVID-19 mitigation. An important component of any successful anti-trafficking strategy is a well-informed public that understands the real indicators of the crime and can identify it when it happens in their own communities. that senior government officials were involved in human trafficking, Rowley said the . To support survivors in rebuilding their lives and preventing further exploitation, the financial sector can offer account qualification exception programs and low-to-no fee second chance accounts. The U.S. Department of State strives to advance around the world the security, prosperity, and values that U.S. citizens share. In Colombia, IOM also designed a geo-referencing, GPS-based mobile application for members of the counter-trafficking national taskforce to detect trafficking victims and activate immediate direct assistance. Julia F. Anderson Traffickers often seek out individuals with weaker community or family connections, knowing they have fewer safeguards. Kathleen Vogel You can be a victim of human trafficking in your hometown. The government convicted a former colonel in the FARDC and the leader of an armed group for trafficking crimes, among others; sentenced them to penalties, including significant prison terms; and ordered the leader of an armed group and two accomplices to pay restitution to over 300 victims of sexual enslavement and other crimes. The Government of Maldives incorporated questions on labor exploitation and unethical recruitment into health screenings and COVID-19 contact tracing for all foreign workers. In addition, PKO and IMET funding has supported areas such as military justice, civil-military relations, human rights training, IHL training, English language training, military engineering, and resource management and logistics, which not only enhances security provision, but also helps make the FARDC a more transparent, accountable institution. Their employer forced the men to work long hours, continually reduced their wages, and physically abused them. These products and raw materials are injected into international supply chains, spreading the PRCs forced labor complicity around the globe. * Islands in the Caribbean Seaalthough part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaao, and Sint Maarten are covered by the Departments Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs. Page 36: Getty-Ina Fassbender/Contributor This included individuals who reshared CSEM content in hopes of helping the victim and raising awareness, but inadvertently contributed to reporting spikes leaving less time and resources to pursue every incident. 8. OSCE/UN Women conducted a robust survey shining a light on the issues victims and service providers faced. These attacks and threats may require that the organizations divert even more resources away from victim services to improve cyber security and personal security for NGO staff. Steven Shade Service providers should continue information-sharing efforts to develop and promote promising practices for supporting identified victims and vulnerable populations during the pandemic. An official website of the United States Government, https://fiscal.treasury.gov/files/reports-statements/treasury-reporting-rates-exchange/treasury-reporting-rates-of-exchange-as-of-december-31-2020-with-amendments.xlsx, Office of the Special Envoy for Critical and Emerging Technology, Office of the U.S. There were always lies, and it was never as glamorous as we were promised. The justification for this determination and certification with respect to each country is set forth in this Memorandum. The courageous voices of survivors, their family members abroad, researchers, and international advocacy groups have thoroughly documented the PRCs discriminatory use of surveillance technologies and trumped-up administrative and criminal charges to abduct and detain more than one million Muslims, including Uyghurs, ethnic Hui, ethnic Kazakhs, ethnic Kyrgyz, ethnic Tajiks, and ethnic Uzbeks, in as many as 1,200 state-run internment camps throughout Xinjiang. This waiver will allow the United States to continue to provide the assistance, support, and human rights training necessary to achieve these goals, and to help Iraq build its capacity to conduct effective, sustained counterterrorism operations against ISIS. As required by law, this section summarizes actions taken by the UN, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the OSCE to prevent trafficking in persons or the exploitation of victims of trafficking. In addition, some service providers offered telephone and online counseling and legal aid sessions, including filing temporary protection orders by email and providing legal representation via online platforms. Around the world, governments, companies, and consumers committed to eliminating human trafficking from global supply chains can all play a role in demanding an end to the use of forced labor in Xinjiang and beyond. Some countries automatically extended temporary and transitory visas for migrant workers, while others suspended fines for unauthorized stays or extended medical coverage to anyone awaiting a decision on their immigration status. Many of these migrant workers must abide by the kafala system, in effect mostly in the Gulf states (Bahrain, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates), Jordan, and Lebanon. Often the people in the best position to identify a potential case of human trafficking are neighbors, family members, friends, or others close to victims or traffickers. The UN and the CJTF, with the support of the government, have since identified and formally separated over 1,700 children, including 894 in May 2019. I knew my family loathed gays. The government of the country should make serious and sustained efforts to eliminate severe forms of trafficking in persons. UNODCs partner NGOs that work on human trafficking reported that pandemic-related measures led their beneficiaries to lose income and access to food. These courageous efforts have pushed the government to start identifying these individuals as human trafficking victims. Part of this work requires us to acknowledge we will never be able to understand the full scope of what is needed without the expertise of those affected by systemic inequality. On World Day Against Trafficking in Persons, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) released new resources aimed at combatting human trafficking and supporting victims. Anti-trafficking approaches should continue to incorporate technological innovations responsibly to improve anti-trafficking responses. Josiane Lina Bemaka-Soui has developed the Central African Republics national anti-trafficking response from the ground up. We invite other governments and global partners to join in this effort and hold each other accountable. Patrice Roberts brings Caribbean vibe at NBA game. Cote DIvoire Competing Priorities and Reduced Capacity. The 2004 TIP Report collected this data for the first time. During FY 2021, DoD section 333 funding was obligated for the following activities: training and equipment. We traveled a lot; we were always on the road between cities, between states, and wherever we were told to go. A Growing Number of People Experiencing Economic and Social Vulnerabilities. Organizations might be in different stages of understanding and implementing trauma-informed and survivor-centered processes. In 2021, the Attorney General's Human Trafficking Prosecution Unit initiated 25 cases, arrested 9 individuals, investigated and prosecuted 51 defendants, and rescued and assisted 107 victims. To be truly effective, a comprehensive approach to prosecution, protection, andmost of allprevention must embed racial justice and equity across its policies and programs. The CSPA prohibits assistance to governments that are identified in the list under the following authorities: International Military Education and Training, Foreign Military Financing, Excess Defense Articles, and Peacekeeping Operations, with exceptions for some programs undertaken pursuant to the Peacekeeping Operations authority. Taiwan With U.S. support, the CPU carried out six screening missions that examined over 1,500 SNA troops in 2019, and identified four minors within the SNA, according to the 2019 CPU annual report. Beginning October 1, 2021, and effective throughout Fiscal Year 2022, these restrictions will apply to the listed countries, absent a presidential waiver, applicable exception, or reinstatement of assistance pursuant to the terms of the CSPA. Ukraine In other cases, the default method of conducting interviews virtually may not have been optimal for victims, who have reported feeling more comfortable developing a relationship with investigators before sharing their experience. The PRC initially denied all allegations, dismissing them as international interference in its domestic affairs. This is not a new truth, but it is a somber, unacceptable reality. any person under 18 years of age who has been recruited or used in hostilities by armed forces distinct from the armed forces of a state. The United National Congress is not involved in human trafficking, this from Opposition MP Dr. Roodal Moonilal and he is calling on Prime Minister Dr Keith Rowley, or anyone with such information to come forward. Ibusuki has gone further by advocating for the government to prohibit employers from retaining foreign workers passports and for Japan to impose tighter control on exploitation and human rights violations by labor brokers and intermediaries in sending countries. To maintain momentum and coordination in implementation, the Secretary-General extended the mandate of the Special Coordinator on improving the UN response to sexual exploitation and abuse until 31 December 2021. Efforts to reform the kafala system and develop non-exploitative policies would benefit from input and recommendations from survivors who experienced forced labor under this system. For the knowing commission of any act of a severe form of trafficking in persons, the government of the country should prescribe punishment that is sufficiently stringent to deter and that adequately reflects the heinous nature of the offense. Overcoming and adapting to these broad impacts of the pandemic remain critical to an effective response against human trafficking. As a result, there was a significant increase in suspicious transaction reports filed by financial institutions related to this activity. Tier rankings and narratives in the 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report reflect an assessment of the following: Tier rankings and narratives are NOT affected by the following: Countries whose governments fully meet the TVPAs minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking. A of Pub. Invite a diversity of lived experience experts to be part of organizational staffing, not only because of what they have survived but also for the professional skills and expertise they offer. Page 5: Picture Alliance More than 200 countries have agreed to implement the FATF Recommendations, which require member countries to identify, assess, and understand money laundering and illicit finance risks and to mitigate those risks. The 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report covers government efforts undertaken from April 1, 2020 through March 31, 2021. Laura Svat Rundlet The anti-trafficking community pivoted to address new circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrated resilience, and produced advanced solutions that could be beneficial even after the pandemic, but many challenges still exist and continue to emerge. A February 2020 seminar in the government-controlled city of Marib, held by ROYG ministries and NGOs with support from Saudi Arabias King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center (KSRelief) addressed strategies to reduce unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers, taking into account the social and political contexts of the practice. Indonesia In 2019, the Yemeni government took concrete steps to raise awareness of risk factors for child soldier recruitment and use, to rehabilitate child soldiers, and to amplify activists calls for the Houthis to stop recruiting and using children. While the help of the public is a crucial part of anti-trafficking efforts, the public can inadvertently interfere when its actions are based on false information or on tips from individuals with no direct knowledge of human trafficking situations. Guinea-Bissau The cost of the projects with a specific focus on countering the trafficking of people in TT came up to about US$5.2 million. I believe that is true here. The Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime (GIATOC) published a policy brief in May 2020 highlighting initial trends in human trafficking during the pandemic and challenges to traditional responses. The international community has taken tough action to promote accountability for the PRCs actions and strengthen market defenses against the import of these goods. Under such a deluge, someone with information about a case or who may be a victim in real crisis will face longer service wait times and may miss their momentary chance to connect to a service provider. They also may not have the physical and mental development to identify coercive tactics being used by an individual they have bonded with, trust, and love. The term child soldier includes any person described in clauses (ii), (iii), or (iv) who is serving in any capacity, including in a support role, such as a cook, porter, messenger, medic, guard, or sex slave.. Disrespecting survivor leaders and their experiences hurts and further exploits survivors, who are key stakeholders in the anti-trafficking movement, and it ultimately perpetuates a harmful and deficient understanding of what it means to be survivor-informed. It was only when I decided to escape my trafficker that I realized how pronounced racial injustice was in my community, particularly against human trafficking survivors with previous arrest records. The 2007 TIP Report showed for the first time a breakout of the number of total prosecutions and convictions that related to labor trafficking, placed in parentheses. The value of collaboration between anti-trafficking actors. The Government of Burma had a policy or pattern of use of children for forced labor by the military. In the past year, theMWLteamhas fervently worked to reduce the vulnerability of individuals and families in Albania affected by the COVID-19 pandemic to human trafficking. China Business owners and landlords pressured individuals to take out loans in exchange for cheap labor or commercial sexual exploitation. The Human Trafficking Foundation started a Google group, and the Freedom Collaborative initiated a COVID-19 Response Facebook group. IMET funding will be used to build capacity within the Republic of Yemen Government (ROYG) military by sending selected military officers for the United States for non-technical training. Doing so allowed the organization to continue connecting with potential trafficking victims, now hidden in private apartments and clandestine areas instead of clubs and brothels, which had been ordered to close due to the lockdown along with all other public spaces. When responding to the impacts of the COVID-19 virus, it is important that those working on safety and security measures are equipped with the knowledge and resources to identify and refer cases of human trafficking. Governments can enhance efforts to reduce disparities that widened during the pandemicwhich also contributed to trafficking risks and emboldened traffickersby formulating policies and programs that meet the needs of underserved communities. A child who has been exploited by a family member will mostly likely need services to address complex trauma, attachment, and severe exploitation. The coercive scheme can include threats of force, debt manipulation, withholding of pay, confiscation of identity documents, psychological coercion, reputational harm, manipulation of the use of addictive substances, threats to other people, or other forms of coercion. She and her team have developed anti-trafficking monitoring cells throughout the countrys capital composed of community members, whom SIFOS has trained and empowered to identify human trafficking within vulnerable populations, and to safely report suspected cases to authorities. In the case of child sex trafficking, the consent of the victim is never relevant as a child cannot legally consent to commercial sex. The victim stories and photographs included in this report are meant to be illustrative [see PDF version for photos]. Additional Details For example, experts have developed techniques to link some cryptocurrency transaction records to online commercial sex advertisements, which can provide additional information on human trafficking networks. From forced labor in local or national public work projects, military operations, and economically important sectors, or as part of government-funded projects or missions abroad, officials use their power to exploit their nationals. Receiving various services in one place and during the same timeframe shields the survivor from having to repeat the story of what happened to them multiple times. Debt bondage is focused on human trafficking crimes in which the traffickers primary means of coercion is debt manipulation. Resources for these organizations are often already strained and should be directed towards evidence-based solutions to combat human trafficking. The country faces numerous longstanding challenges, including: inadequate infrastructure and human resources; the governments inability to project authority across the sizable country; corruption; a limited capacity to raise and manage revenues; outbreaks of infectious disease; as well as the destabilizing activity of numerous armed groups. Similarly, a study by the Government of the Philippines also found many overseas Filipino workers were stranded with their savings exhausted during 2020. I finished out the semester and decided I would wait for a bit to finish college. Burundi For instance, advocates, survivors, and other experts have found that ingrained racial biases and stereotypes, which were created as a way to dehumanize certain racial communities to justify their exploitation and exclusion, hinder progress in anti-trafficking efforts because they lead to racially disparate assumptions about who is a trafficker and who should have access to victim protection and services. These delays decreased victims access to justice and legal assistance, which hampered victims emotional well-being, recovery, and repatriation, while allowing traffickers to continue their criminal activities and intimidate victims from pressing charges. These PME courses would focus on the professionalization of military forces, and would bolster the rule of law within the Yemeni Armed Forces. We are the unwanted, the forgotten, the lost kids of the streets that no one misses or looks for. These are only a few of the many manifestations of systemic racism that inhibit an effective anti-trafficking response. Some survivors had to sell their cell phones to purchase food, further isolating them from potential assistance from case workers. The project retrofits select state-run or state-supported residential homes that provide housing to victims of trafficking by installing infrastructural upgrades, equipment and resources to create spaces for medical services, counselling and academic and vocational training for trafficking victims. The college program promised free tuition for a two-year degree program in Culinary Arts, free room and board, and an internship. 333 and has certified that the government of Yemen is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Israel U.S. law prohibits perpetrators from using debts as part of their scheme, plan, or pattern to compel a person to work or engage in commercial sex. Stay-at-home orders and travel restrictions made it more difficult for front-line officials to protect individuals through proper identification and screening techniques, leaving officials to rely on victims to self-identify during the pandemic, which already occurs rarely. I have said before, building a more perfect union is both an acknowledgement of our imperfection and a commitment to continue striving toward progress in a transparent way. Mauritania Whether the government of the country has made serious and sustained efforts to reduce the demand for . Compensate survivors in leadership commensurate with other leadership. Panama No tier ranking is permanent. Accordingly, it is in the United States national interest to continue to pursue these lines of effort. The concurrence of the increased number of individuals at risk, traffickers ability to capitalize on competing crises, and the diversion of resources to pandemic response efforts has resulted in an ideal environment for human trafficking to flourish and evolve. Bahrain Chad This approach considers the vulnerabilities and experiences of trauma survivors and places priority on restoring a survivors feelings of safety, choice, and control. Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, Div. Madagascar Representative Matt Gaetz, Republican of Florida and a close ally of former President Donald J. Trump, is being investigated by the Justice Department over whether he had a sexual relationship with. The report said Bemaka-Soui is also sensitive to the effects that human trafficking has on individuals and their communities. More concerning, this spread of misinformation has real and detrimental impacts on the ability of the anti-trafficking community to protect those who have or are currently experiencing human trafficking and to bring traffickers to justice. Singapore 5. I then started working in escorting services through a bar where I didnt know the rates charged, didnt handle the money, and had little to no control over refusing clients who were violent or wouldnt use condoms. Cryptocurrency transactions, including those involving human trafficking, are recorded on public blockchains. Predatory and exclusionary practices that keep certain racial communities from attaining financial stability and building generational wealth provide traffickers ample opportunity to offer tempting alternatives. South Sudan is party to the OPAC, and in 2019, armed groups released an additional 259 child soldiers, and established a process for identifying others to UNICEF through the Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) commission, established under the R-ARCSS. Emily A. Korenak A US Embassy spokesperson said this on Tuesday . Between April 2020 and March 2021, Comoros and Nepal became States Parties to the Protocol. Uruguay PKO funded counter-terrorism assistance to Cameroon helps improve its capabilities to combat Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa, which increases stability and protects civilians in the Lake Chad region. IOM adapted its existing MigApp for migrant workers in the Americas to include a new section to highlight official health recommendations to prevent the spread of the virus, capture changes across countriessuch as border restrictions, COVID-19 hotlines, or migration status changesand produce surveys to better understand the COVID-related challenges migrants faced. Under this sponsorship system, migrant workers who leave their place of employment without permission from their employer forfeit their legal status and thereby increase their risk of arrest and deportation. An August 2021 report from the Government Accountability Office as well as annual reports from the Defense Department Inspector General "show that human trafficking tragically still exists in . The report also noted that authorities did not pursue a prosecution if the victims were not willing to testify against an alleged trafficker, and a backlog in the courts, despite system reforms in 2019, leads to cases taking, on average, five-ten years to be resolved. Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) Frequently, service providers use the same approaches and resources for familial trafficking that are used for all types of human trafficking, which can be inappropriate and even harmful. In February 2021, Bemaka-Soui spearheaded and oversaw the launch of the governments first radio campaign to raise awareness about human trafficking in the local language of Sango, thereby allowing the government to reach key communities. 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