[68], At least two minor engagements occurred in the following weeks between members of the brigade and British Army foot patrols. I dont think we are going to see that again.. [125][126] The IRA retaliated on 5 August 1991 by shooting and killing a former UDR soldier leaving his workplace along Altmore Road, Cappagh. Photograph: Simon Carswell Taken: March 31st, 2017. [25] British military sources also report that other IRA volunteers from East Tyrone were involved in the assault. [119] Two of the wounded were also off-duty UDR soldiers. There were no casualties. [19] [54], In March 1992, members of the brigade destroyed McGowan's service station along the Ballygawley-Dungannon road with a 150 pounds (68kg) bomb, on the basis that they were supplying British forces,[55][48] while a soldier was injured by a bomb near Augher. An Phoblacht claimed the IRA men thwarted an ambush and at least two SAS members were killed. [35][36][37], On 24 March 1990, there was a gun battle between an IRA unit and undercover British forces in the main street of the village of Cappagh, County Tyrone, in which IRA members fired at a civilian-type car driven by security forces, according to Archie Hamilton, then Secretary of State for Defence. On 1 January 1991, a British Army outpost was fired on by an IRA unit at Aughnacloy. He goes so far as to propose an Irish exit from the EU, given the way that Brussels and the European Central Bank, in Frankfurt, landed Irish people with austerity and a hefty bill from the bank bailouts. Five Sinn Fin cumainn, and 90% of the East Tyrone Brigade, left in the move. [27] According to author Nick Van der Bijl, British intelligence identified them as the perpetrators of the bombing of the military bus at Curr Road. At least two British soldiers were severely wounded in action near Cappagh[66] and Pomeroy[70] in 1992. Wheres the insurrectionary energy going to come from? Five of them were bound over. The South Armagh area was considered to be a liberated zone already, since British troops and the RUC could not use the roads there for fear of roadside bombs and long-range harassing fire. Two IRA men got away from the scene, but the four named above were killed. [18] In August 1988, an SAS ambush killed IRA members Gerard Harte, Martin Harte and Brian Mullin. [9], Mural commemorating those killed in the Loughgall Ambush, On 8 May 1987, at least eight members of the brigade launched another attack on the unmanned Loughgall RUC base. They don't throw away remarks like that. [87] On 30 April, a heavy horizontal mortar was fired at an RUC patrol vehicle near Ballygawley roundabout; the round missed its target and hit a wall. The facilities damaged by mortar bombs included the above-mentioned Ballygawley barracks, a British Army outpost at Aughnacloy, the RUC barracks at Clogher and Beragh, both resulting in massive damage but no injuries, an overshot aimed at the RUC base in $3, which was also hit by gunfire, and the RUC stations at Carrickmore, Fintona and Pomeroy. One British soldier was wounded. [82][86], A brigade statement claims that late on the evening of 26 April 1993, a "variation" of the Mark-15 was fired at a British Army position on an open field near the river Fury, a few miles east of Clogher. [90] The facilities came under attack once again on 7 November, when a supporting team armed with automatic weapons secured the area around the barracks, allowing an Isuzu Trooper carrying a "Barrack Buster" to be driven just outside the base. McKearney and Lynagh are dissenters, not dissidents; although they support the peace process they object to the policies pursued by Sinn Fin and some of their former comrades who moved into politics. The device landed unexploded inside the complex, resulting in its evacuation. [6] Journalist Kevin Toolis states that from 1985 onwards, the brigade led a five-year campaign that left 33 security facilities destroyed and nearly 100 seriously damaged. [7], Members of the East Tyrone Brigade had previously carried out two attacks on RUC bases in their operational area, described by author Mark Urban as "spectaculars". One British soldier was wounded. On these two occasions the stations were destroyed, and, in the first case, two of the occupants killed. The ambush took place outside the village of Pomeroy. 8 July 1997: A landmine was planted by the IRA near Dungannon, leading to a bomb alert. Their brothers, Pdraig McKearney and Jim Lynagh, were among eight members of the IRAs east Tyrone brigade killed by the SAS during an attack on an RUC station in the Protestant village of Loughgall, in Co Tyrone, in May 1987. [77], The commander in chief of the brigade,[78] Kevin MacKenna, was also appointed 'chief of staff' of the IRA in 1983. The East Tyrone Brigade members killed at Loughgall in 1987 consisted of: * Commander Patrick Kelly (aged 30) * Jim Lynagh (aged 31) * Pdraig McKearney (aged 32) * Declan Arthurs (aged 21) * Seamus Donnelly (aged 19) * Eugene Kelly (aged 25) * Gerry O'Callaghan (aged 29) * Tony Gormley (aged 25) Eugene Kelly According to the brigade report, the van, fitted with a Mark-15 mortar, was left besides a military sangar. See this British Commons account about the NI violence for the first month of 1990: See the May 12 and May 17 entries at the 1992 CAIN chronology: Fortnight, Issues 324-334, Fortnight Publications, 1994, Provisional Irish Republican Army campaign 19691997, "SAS shooting 'destroyed deadly IRA unit'", http://archives.tcm.ie/breakingnews/2001/05/05/story11832.asp, http://sluggerotoole.com/2011/12/02/loughgall-terrorists-could-not-have-been-arrested/, http://www.midulstermail.co.uk/news/local/gaa-distances-itself-from-ira-commemorations-1-3753356, "Calculating, professional enemy that faces KOSB", http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/calculating-professional-enemy-that-faces-kosb-1.598672, "Land Mine Kills 7 British Soldiers on Bus in Ulster", http://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/21/world/ira-claims-killing-of-8-soldiers-as-it-steps-up-attacks-on-british.html, "IRA Claims Killing of 8 Soldiers As It Steps Up Attacks on British", Ex-Para 'led attack by IRA which killed Scots soldiers', Fears of new IRA atrocity after attack on helicopter, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1992-UTV news, 31 January 1992, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1993 - BBC news, 26 April 1993 and UTV news, 29 April 1993, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1992 - BBC news, 5 March 1992, The Irish Emigrant - May 18, 1992: New Paratroop Controversy, "I.R.A. [65][66][67] Six paratroopers were charged with criminal damage in the aftermath, but were acquitted in 1993. A member of an IRA unit who survived a deadly SAS ambush at Loughgall which claimed the lives of eight republicans has broken his silence for the first time on the 30th anniversary. It is believed to have drawn its membership from across the eastern side of County Tyrone as well as north County Monaghan and south County Londonderry.[2]. Other attendees were. The peace process is dead if you cant throw up the old monster of potential violence, he says. The bomb detonated, destroying much of the base and damaging nearby buildings. He later became the longest-serving volunteer in this job, right up to the 1997 cease-fire.[79]. [127] On 11 January 1993 a former sergeant of the B-Specials (Matthew Boyd)[128] was shot dead while driving his car along Donaghmore Road, Dungannon, County Tyrone. Along with Lynagh and McKearney, the IRA gang included Gerard O'Callaghan, 29, Tony Gormley, 25, Eugene Kelly, 25, Patrick Kelly, 30, Seamus Donnelly, 19, and Declan Arthurs, 21. He also wrote the best-selling book "The IRA - A Secret History". Dates highlighted in bold indicate three or more fatalities. May has said that the British do not want a return to the Border of old. A second shooting took place in the village of Pomeroy on 28 June, this time against British regular troops. One RUC officer was injured. Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army, List of notable actions from 1971 until Loughgall, Operations against British security forces in east and south Tyrone, List of actions from 1996 until the 1997 IRA ceasefire, Individual members of the brigade were also involved in the. Thus it was from there that the IRA East Tyrone Brigade attacks were launched, with most of them occurring in east Tyrone in areas close to south Armagh, which offered good escape routes. In July of 2005, The Sunday Times reported that Adams was replaced by Brian Arthurs, a former commander of the Provisional IRA's East Tyrone Brigade. [22] The East Tyrone IRA saw its activities decline by the 1990s following repeated SAS ambushes. Lynagh's strategy was to start off with one area which the British military did not control, preferably a republican stronghold such as east Tyrone. 5 February 1997: an IRA unit fired a horizontal mortar at an RUC patrol on Newell Road in Dungannon. The main target, Brian Arthurs, escaped injury. Three constables and Treanor were wounded,[106] as well as a passing-by ederly female motorist whose car was hit by the RUC vehicle. He voted for Brexit in the hope that it would lead to a united Ireland through the disintegration of the UK. The first phase of Lynagh's plan to drive out the British security forces from east Tyrone involved destroying isolated rural police stations and then intimidating or killing any building contractors who were employed to rebuild them. We have been neglected, McKearney says, citing patchy broadband in parts of Co Monaghan as an example. Elsewhere, the East Tyrone IRA lost eighteen members to SAS ambushes between 1987 and 1992. Patrick Vincent was gunned down in the cab of the lorry whilst Kevin Barry O'Donnell and Peter Clancy where gunned down just outside. He thinks it would be silly of the British to build a hard Border again and potentially stir up those tensions. Of these, 28 were killed between 1987 and 1992. Stephen Fuller (d. 1984), a member of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) during the Irish War of Independence and fought with Anti-Treaty forces during the Irish Civil War (1922-23). Patrick Joseph Kelly (19 March 1957 - 8 May 1987), was the Commander of the East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army during the mid-1980s until his death in a Special Air Service ambush at Loughgall, County Armagh in May 1987. A NEW REPORT by Relatives for Justice into a British Army SAS ambush in 1992 that left four Tyrone IRA Volunteers dead says the men were killed in "a premeditated and pre-planned" attack when they could have been arrested instead. Euroscepticism had a long history in the area, he says, before Ireland went into the EU. The group were also responsible for the . Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! The ambush took place outside the village of Pomeroy. The Gazelle broke up during the subsequent crash-landing. Six IRA members from a supporting unit managed to slip away. jim martin death couples massage class san diego beaver falls football east tyrone brigade members. The South Armagh area was considered to be a liberated zone already, since British troops and the RUC could not use the roads there for fear of roadside bombs and long-range harassing fire. The. 7 December 1985: during an attack on the RUC barracks in Ballygawley, the IRA killed two RUC officers (Reserve Constable William Clements and Constable George Gilliland) and destroyed the barracks with a large bomb. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade [1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". [41] [111] Nationalist politician Bernardette Devlin McAliskey suggested that the recovery of the machine gun was actually staged by the security forces as a publicity stunt. From 1985 onwards, the IRA in East Tyrone had been the forefront of a wide IRA campaign against British military facilities. The air of foreboding he once sensed when crossing the river into the North doesnt exist today because the Border is imperceptible, he says. The armed vehicle crossed the border after the engagement. [17] The eight volunteers killed in the ambush became known as the "Loughgall Martyrs" among many republicans. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. [17] The checkpoint was stormed and two British soldiers killed in action. [10][11] It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. [Its] not about what are their economic interests. [21] Additionally, most of the attacks which took place in County Fermanagh during this period of the Troubles were also launched from south Tyrone and Monaghan. His elder brother, a civilian contractor to the Ministry of Defence, had died in a South Armagh Brigade[64] mortar attack one year before, while working inside an Army base near Keady, County Armagh.[65]. Instead Lynagh, McKearney and the other six IRA activists - Gerard O'Callaghan, 29, Tony Gormley, 25, Eugene Kelly, 25, Patrick Kelly, 30, Seamus Donnelly, 19, and Declan Arthurs, 21 - were shot. [11] Scottish-born journalist Kevin Toolis has written that from 1985 onward, the brigade led a five-year campaign that left 33 security facilities destroyed and nearly 100 seriously damaged. [101][102] The East Tyrone Brigade reported that they took over the area between the checkpoint and the border, set a roadblock, then drove a tractor carrying the mortar to the firing point and issued a 30-minute warning. Next to the living-room window, with its panoramic views of the farmland and gorse-filled hedgerows of this part of the Border, is an imposing portrait that shows the tradition of agrarian agitation McGeough hails from. [99][116] Another fatality was a Royal Irish Regiment (RIR) soldier, Private Christopher Wren, slain when off-duty by the blast of a booby-trap planted in his car. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Of these, most were Catholics civilians with no paramilitary connections but six were Provisional Irish Republican Army members. The IRA men were intercepted by the SAS as they were trying to dump the lorry and escape in cars in the car park of Clonoe Roman Catholic church, whose roof was set on fire by Army flares. The level of IRA activity in the area did not show any real decline in the aftermath: in the two years prior to the Loughgall ambush the IRA killed seven people in East Tyrone and North Armagh, and eleven in the two years following the ambush. [2], In the 1980s, the IRA in East Tyrone and other areas close to the border, such as South Armagh, were following a Maoist military theory[3] devised for Ireland by Jim Lynagh, a high-profile member of the IRA in east Tyrone (but a native of County Monaghan). The Volunteers killed at Loughgall were Declan Arthurs (21), Tony Gormley (24), Eugene Kelly (25), Pdraig McKearney (32), Jim Lynagh (31), Gerard O'Callaghan (28), Seamus Donnelly (19) and unit commander Patrick Joseph Kelly (30). east tyrone brigade members. See: 11 December 1985: the East Tyrone Brigade claimed responsibility for mortaring Tynan RUC base, County Armagh in which four RUC officers were injured and the base badly damaged. [129] A former UDR soldier (David Martin) was killed when an IRA bomb exploded underneath his car in Kildress, County Tyrone on 25 April 1993; it was claimed that he had loyalist connections. They are saying to us: if you want to go down that road we are not going to step in your way. Simon Carswell. Ed Moloney, Irish journalist and author of the Secret History of the IRA, states that the Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade lost 53 members killed in the Troubles, the highest of any rural Brigade area. Her extradition from Northern Ireland was eventually denied in 2007 due to discrepancies in the claims against her. Both Lost Lives and the Sutton Index of Deaths (at CAIN) list him as a civilian. Sean O'Farrell was wounded and attempted to escape. 10 February 1997: a horizontal mortar fired by an IRA unit hit an RUC armoured vehicle leaving a security base. Eight members of the IRA's so-called 'East Tyrone brigade' were shot dead by the SAS in a fierce gun battle at Loughgall on 8 May 1987. 26 March 1997: a grenade was thrown by IRA volunteers at the British Army/RUC base in Coalisland. But the reality is that it is going to be more and more obvious, Lynagh says. Another four IRA members were killed in an ambush in February 1992. Another brother, Kevin, and Tommy's uncle John, neither of whom was in the IRA, were killed by loyalist paramilitaries from the Ulster Volunteer Force in an attack on the family's butcher's shop, in Moy, in January 1992. [79] An RUC report confirms that a bomb exploded close to a combined RUC-British Army patrol in the area. [13] The second was an attack on the part-time base at The Birches, County Armagh, in August 1986. Now he has a doctorate in political science and writes a lively blog, the Pensive Quill, firing off opinions on the peace process, among other topics, and offering a platform to others. In the 1980s, the IRA in East Tyrone and other areas close to the border, such as South Armagh, were following a Maoist military theory[8] devised for Ireland by Jim Lynagh, a high-profile member of the IRA in East Tyrone (but a native of County Monaghan). Lynagh refers to the high proportion of social-welfare recipients in Monaghan, the county's "low-wage and no-wage economy" and his work distributing charity food to families. Several people was evacuated, and the bomb disposal squad struggled 10 hours to defuse the device. [55][56][57], Six paratroopers were charged with criminal damage in the aftermath, but they were acquitted in 1993. He is now president of the Ancient Order of Hibernians in Co Tyrone. They dont throw away remarks like that.. After being caught he was put up against a fence and killed. 4 December 1983: Colm McGirr (23) and Brian Campbell (19), both members of the East Tyrone Brigade, were shot dead by an undercover British Army soldier whilst approaching an arms dump in a field near Coalisland. This in response to a complaint from DUP AssemblymanWilliam McCreaaccusing the GAA of turning a blind eye to "republican terrorist" events in the last years. Photographs: Simon Carswell. Nevertheless, IRA activities continued in parts of Down, Fermanagh, north and mid-Armagh by August 1994. [34], On 4 March 1990, ten IRA volunteers launched an assault on the RUC station at Stewartstown using an improvised flamethrower consisting of a manure-spreader towed by a tractor to spray 600 imperial gallons (2,700L) of a petrol/diesel mix to set the base ablaze, and then opened up with rifles and an RPG-7 rocket launcher. One of the workers killed, Robert Dunseath, was also a soldier of the Royal Irish Rangers. 25 April 1987: an off duty British soldier (William Graham) was shot dead by the IRA at his family's farm, off Gortscraheen Road, near Pomeroy. He believes that the British had intended to withdraw from Ireland around the late 2030s, by when demographic trends would have led to an overwhelming nationalist majority. "[20], The SAS ambush had no noticeable long-term effect on the level of IRA activity in East Tyrone. [9] The theory involved creating "no-go zones" that the British Army and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) did not control and gradually expanding them. On 11 May 1993, an IRA militant pretending to be a motorist that had been asked to show his licence at the barracks left a van carrying a mortar outside the facilities. [31] An Phoblacht claims that the IRA men thwarted an ambush and at least two SAS members were killed. [78], On 30 March 1993, one of the brigade units claimed they thwarted a British undercover operation by detonating an explosive device in the Glen, between Loughmacrory and Mountfield, near the spot where the British personnel were hidden. A primed Mk-12 horizontal mortar was defused near Clogher on 9 April 1992 by British Army technicians,[109] while a trailer carrying a 'barrack buster' was recovered by security forces and also defused in the same area on 16 January 1994. This is the only concern for this area: how can we pacify them and stop them engaging in any violent activity? The operation. Her extradition from Northern Ireland was refused in 2007. Neither republican sees a great prospect of a united Ireland after Brexit. Lynagh, a fellow republican, served eight years, from 1982 to 1990, in Portlaoise Prison over a charge related to the killing of a nightclub bouncer in Monaghan in 1981. Thus it was from there that the IRA East Tyrone Brigade attacks were launched, with most of them occurring in east Tyrone in areas close to south Armagh, which offered good escape routes. They were active in some of the bloodiest campaigns of the Troubles, and for three of them much of that activity took place along the Border. The 12 May's riots ended with the paratroopers' assault on three bars, where they injured seven civilians. An IRA statement claimed the 3rd Battalion of the, 7 November 1974: Two British soldiers, Vernon Rose (aged 30) and Charles Simpson (aged 35) were killed by an IRA booby trap bomb at an electricity sub station at Aghalarg, near, 25 November 1975: two RUC officers, Samuel Clarke (aged 35) and Patrick Maxwell (aged 36), were killed when their mobile patrol was caught in an IRA sniper ambush in Clonavaddy, near. [64], Another IRA bomb attack on 12 May 1992, against British troops on patrol near Cappagh, in which a paratrooper lost both legs, triggered a series of clashes on that date between soldiers and local residents in the staunchly republican town of Coalisland, on 12 and 17 May 1992. [58] In January 1992, an IRA roadside bomb destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had been re-building Lisanelly British Army base in Omagh. 14 March 1972: A two-man IRA unit armed with sub-machine guns ambushed a joint British Army/RUC patrol on Brackaville Road outside Coalisland, County Tyrone. Simon Carswell. O'Donnell had been released without charges for possession of weapons on two different occasions in the past. [120] The IRA said that the workers were legitimate targets because they were "collaborating" with the "forces of occupation". The fear that a hard Border along the UK's only land frontier with the EU could stir tensions in Northern Ireland has focused minds not only in Belfast, Derry and Dublin but also in London and Brussels. Eight were killed and the rest were badly wounded. All eight members of the East Tyrone Brigade team were killed. [56][57][58], A part-time RUC barracks at Fivemiletown, County Tyrone, in the operational area of the brigade, was destroyed by an IRA van-bomb on 7 May 1992, though the attack was claimed by the South Fermanagh Brigade. . Somebody who might find it difficult to smuggle because of a Border post might go out and shoot a Border-post official? The RUC officer, William Logan (aged 23), who was driving the police patrol vehicle was mortally wounded and died the following day, he was the first RUC officer killed by the brigade. East Tyrone appears an outlier in rural areas by the 1990s. Nobody cares.. The lifelong Irish republican even suggests that it could as easily be argued that breaking from the European Union and joining forces with the UK would make better economic sense for the country. [51], Another four IRA members were killed in an ambush in February 1992. [53] Author Brendan O'Brien reports a witness claiming that some of the men were wounded and tried to surrender but were killed by the British soldiers. [31], On 11 February 1990 the brigade managed to shoot down a British Army Gazelle helicopter near Clogher by machine gun fire and wounding three soldiers, one of them seriously. [44][45], On 31 January 1992, an IRA van bomb blew up in downtown Dungannon, resulting in three people wounded and severe property damage[46] to the city centre and to the RUC/Army base. [99][100], On 9 April 1994, after a three-day IRA ceasefire, a Mark-15 mortar was launched at midday at the British Army permanent checkpoint in Aughnacloy. IRA member Liam Ryan and local man . Another street fracas five days later, on 17 May, between a King's Own Scottish Borderers platoon and a group of nationalist youths in Coalisland resulted in the theft of an army machine gun and a new confrontation with the paratroopers. [16] Additionally, most of the attacks which took place in County Fermanagh during this period of the Troubles were also launched from south Tyrone and Monaghan. [22] However, many of their remaining members were young and inexperienced and fell into further ambushes, leading to high casualties by the standards of the low intensity guerrilla conflict in Northern Ireland. [61], At least five members of the security forces were killed by the IRA in around this area during the same period. As the men were all Protestants, many Protestants saw it as a sectarian attack. List of aircraft of the Malaysian Armed Forces, List of actions from 1996 up to the latest PIRA ceasefire, Individual members of the brigade were also involved in the. The soldiers were being transported from RAF Aldergrove to a military base near Omagh after returning from leave in England. For younger. Death made heroes of the Loughgall eight. It is going to be very embarrassing for a lot of Irish political parties that almost pretended that partition was going. [42] Whereas the previous ambushes of IRA men had been well planned by Special Forces, the Clonoe killings owed much to a series of mistakes by the IRA men in question. 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