400. Messerschmitt AG ( German pronunciation: [msmt]) was a German share-ownership limited, aircraft manufacturing corporation named after its chief designer Willy Messerschmitt from mid-July 1938 onwards, and known primarily for its World War II fighter aircraft, in particular the Bf 109 and Me 262. Diese GmbH unterstand der SS und hatte deshalb die Mglichkeit, die Montage von Flugzeugen gegen Bezahlung in Konzentrationslagern durchzufhren. However, for the second half of the war, Messerschmitt turned almost entirely to jet-powered designs, producing the world's first operational jet fighter, the Me 262 Schwalbe ("Swallow"). B. Direktor Karl Linder oder Generalstabs-Ingenieur Roluf Lucht, regelmig zwischen Regensburg und St. Georgen. Das Werk im Westen von Regensburg entwickelte sich im Laufe des Zweiten Weltkrieges zu einem der leistungsfhigsten und produktivsten Flugzeugwerke. Once these were successfully tested, they would be then allocated to the 1./J.G. The Me 163 was a high-speed, rocket-powered, swept-wing tailless aircraft. To attack these in sufficient force, "Operation Juggler" was conceived,[7] in which the fighter production plants in Wiener Neustadt were targeted for attack by B-24 Liberators of the Ninth Air Force based in Libya, and Regensburg by B-17s of the Eighth Air Force. It was named Mitsubishi Ki-200, for the army, and J8M1 for the navy. Das Regensburger Unternehmen Messerschmitt GmbH wurde am 24. Als Standort fr das neue Zweigwerk wurde 1936 unter dem damaligen BFW-Aufsichtsratsvorsitzenden Theo Cronei Regensburg ausgewhlt, da die Stadt Augsburg eine vom Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) geforderte Erweiterung des BFW-Stammwerkes mit der Begrndung ablehnt hatte, dass die Gefahr fr den Fall von Luftangriffen zu gro werden wrde.[2][1]. Production of the KR200 ceased in 1964. Whrend der Weltwirtschaftskrise war der Donauhandel und damit auch der Betrieb im Hafen Regensburg zusammengebrochen. Haywood S. Hansell, Jr., "Balaklava Redeemed", "Bombing of Schweinfurt," from the Third Reich in Ruins webpage by Geoff Walden, "Reality Remembering Scheinfurt" by Wally Hoffman, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SchweinfurtRegensburg_mission&oldid=1134933395, 60 bombers, 3 P-47s, and 2 Spitfires lost, This page was last edited on 21 January 2023, at 15:47. This Gustav was built in the Regensburg factory in 1943 for operations in tropical and desert climates. Still, handling the Me 163 fuel without this kind of protection was highly dangerous for the ground maintenance crews. In late April I/.J.G.400 would be disbanded and its remaining few operational Me 163 were allocated to the J.G 7. The tail wheel may have been the long or short variety. Mission No. Not all built aircraft would be delivered to the operational units, given the great confusion and chaos that the Germans were surrounded with from 1944 on. BFW was reconstituted as "Messerschmitt AG" on 11 July 1938, with Willy Messerschmitt as chairman and managing director. - Coolers 84 was a strike by 376 bombers of 16 bomb groups against German heavy industry well beyond the range of escorting fighters. In 1942, 800 prisoners worked in the "Messerschmitt squad 2004" and by 1944 it had risen . This is an apolitical forum for discussions on the Axis nations and related topics hosted by the Axis History Factbook in cooperation with Christian Ankerstjernes Panzerworld and Christoph Awender's WW2 day by day. Nach der Absage der Erweiterung des Messerschmitt-Stammwerks in Augsburg boten sich die im ueren Westen des Stadtgebiets von Regensburg vorhandenen Freiflchen zur Ansiedlung der erforderlichen Produktionsbetriebe an. However, 15 miles from Schweinfurt, the opposing fighters, after shooting down 22 bombers, disengaged and landed to refuel and re-arm in order to attack the force on its way out. Although attacking both targets simultaneously was deemed critical to success of the mission without prohibitive loss, the Regensburg force was ordered to take off, even though the 1st Bombardment Wing remained grounded at its bases by the adverse weather. Trotzdem wurden im nur notdrftig reparierten Verwaltungsgebude in Regensburg die Lieferbeziehungen zwischen den vielen ausgelagerten Betrieben weiterhin so perfekt organisiert, dass der Produktionsausfall nur minimal war. Das Regensburger Unternehmen Messerschmitt GmbH wurde am 24. [10], Folgen fr die Infrastruktur in Regensburg, Zahlenangaben wahrscheinlich einschlielich Zwangsarbeitern und Kriegsgefangenen, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Messerschmitt_GmbH&oldid=226704177, Wehr- und Rstungswirtschaft im Nationalsozialismus, Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike, Baubeschrnkungen fr den gesamten Stadtwesten wegen Verlust von Baugelnde und Erweiterung des Flugplatzes, Verknappung von Verbrauchsgtern und Preiserhhungen, Mangel an Arbeitskrften, besonders bei Facharbeitern, aber auch bei Behrden, Die hohe Gefhrdung als Angriffsziel fr Bombenangriffe machte die Stationierung von Flaktruppen ntig. In an incredibly ambitious undertaking, the 4th Bombardment Wing would attack the major Messerschmitt aircraft factory at Regensburg followed minutes later by an even larger raid by the 1st Bombardment Wing against the ball bearing facilities in the picturesque town of Schweinfurt. November 1937 begann die Produktion mit einem Serienauftrag fr die Fertigung der Messerschmitt Bf 108, auch genannt Taifun. Im Februar 1944 erfolgte der zweite Angriff amerikanischer B-17-Bomber, bei dem das Hauptwerk in Prfening mit allen Produktionshallen vllig zerstrt wurde. The Me 163B V6 was tested with two engine configurations It was to serve as the basis for the planned Me 163C version which was never completed, aside from a few airframes. In Sddeutschland waren die Messerschmitt-Flugzeugwerke in Regensburg und Obertraubling von Angriffen nicht betroffen und konnten bis 1943 die Jahresproduktion von Me-109-Jagdflugzeugen unter Einsatz von KZ-Hftlingen auf weit ber 2.000 Stck pro Jahr steigern. Die in Regensburg herrschende groe Wohnungsnot hatte bereits nach 1933 zum Bau der eigenfinanzierten Wohnsiedlungen Westheim und Konradsiedlung gefhrt. With the expected increase in production, another unit, 2./J.G.400, was to be formed in May 1944. Just a few rounds of this cannon was enough to destroy or heavily damage an enemy target. Thanks to this, the replacement of damaged parts or even the whole engine could be done relatively quickly. Of these, some 25 were transported back to the UK to be properly examined. The rear gunner position was completely destroyed while the right tail unit was heavily damaged. I'd even settle for a history book of Messerschmitt that had some illustrations. This combined with the extraordinary speed of the Me 163 made engaging targets difficult. Learn how your comment data is processed. Concurrently, pilots were beginning to arrive from the EKdo 16 training unit. The overall length of the task force was too great for effective fighter support. [warbirdphotographs.com]The Scheuchschlepper essentially fulfilled two roles. Found this aerial photo of the Regensburg site. Spitfire pilots claimed 13 German fighters shot down and P-47 pilots claimed 19. [acesflyinghigh.wordpress.com]Close-up view of the Me 163 cockpit and instruments. However anti-aircraft fire ("flak") was light over Regensburg and visibility clear, and of the remaining 131 bombers, 126 dropped 298.75 tons of bombs on the fighter aircraft factories with a high degree of accuracy at 11:43 British time. [1][2][4] Three P-47 Thunderbolts of the 56th Fighter Group and two RAF Spitfires were shot down attempting to protect the Schweinfurt force. [E. T. Maloney and U. Feist Messerschmitt Me 163]An Me 163C illustration of how it may have looked given that only few uncompleted airframes were built. In order to provide the necessary power, the Germans simply added a small windmill generator which was placed on the nose of the fuselage. Von den 146 ohne Begleitschutz angreifenden Bombern erreichten ca. Ultimately, for the main production version, the HWK (Helmuth Walter Kiel) 109-509A rocket engine was chosen. Facebook: @planeencyclopedia In July 1944, a second auxiliary unit (Erganzumgsstaffel) was formed. by Jon G. 01 May 2009, 16:05, Post This would lead to the Me 163B series, which was the first, and last, operational rocket-powered aircraft to be used in active combat. A forum community dedicated to Model train and railway owners and enthusiasts. The two largest factories, Kugelfischer & Company and Vereinigte Kugellager Fabrik I, suffered 80 direct hits. 84", was flown on the anniversary of the first daylight raid by the Eighth Air Force.[5]. Weapons are not permitted including pocket knives and firearms, to include conceal carry and other dangerous weapons. Messerschmitt Kabinenroller in Heidelberg .Source Probably its greatest contribution was that it provided a good experimental platform for flight tests at transonic speeds. In all the 1st Wing was delayed more than three hours behind the 4th Wing. [1], Nach den heftigen Luftangriffen Ende 1943 und Anfang 1944, bei denen auch Kasernengebude der Flakartillerie zerstrt wurden, kooperierte der Messerschmitt-Konzern zur Aufrechterhaltung der hohen, kriegswichtigen Produktionszahlen von Jagdflugzeugen mit der Deutschen Erd- und Steinwerke GmbH (DEST). Close-up view of the Me 163 landing skid. By then at least 15 bombers had been shot down or fatally damaged, 13 from the trailing formation. It was also subordinated to the 1./J.G. Donald Miller states: "LeMay's force was expected to take the brunt of the German counteroffensive, allowing the Schweinfurt armada to proceed to the target with only light resistance. Juli 1936 gegrndet als Zweigwerk des damals noch Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFW) genannten Augsburger Unternehmens, das 1938 umbenannt wurde in Messerschmitt AG. The former I/.J.G.400 commander Wolfgang Spate, flying one of the remaining operational Me 163, managed to destroy 5 additional Allied bombers by the end of the war. The Regensburg task force was led by the 4th Bombardment Wing commander, Colonel Curtis E. LeMay. Although you shouldn't get your hopes up too high. As it was overburdened with other projects, it would then be allocated to a much smaller Klemm factory where less than 60 aircraft were built in total. - Backpacks As the seat of a factory of the powerful Messerschmitt corporation, Haunstetten became a wartime production center during World War II. From this point forward all aircraft built would be transported to Bad Zwischenahn near Oldenburg. After the Me 163 returned from a sortie, the Scheuchschlepper rear wheel would be replaced with a tracked platform which supported a cradle that fully supported the entire aircraft at its wing roots, to move the Me 163 for refueling and to be refitted on a takeoff dolly for the next flight. If the safety procedures were not followed, there was a great risk of explosion, which happened on occasion. The mission was an ambitious plan to cripple the German aircraft industry; it was also known as the "double-strike mission" because it entailed two large forces of bombers attacking separate targets in order to disperse fighter reaction by the Luftwaffe. Mithilfe einer entwickelten Auslagerungsstrategie konnte die Produktion von Flugzeugen zahlenmig aber weitgehend aufrechterhalten werden. Click here for frequently asked questions regarding items permitted inside the museum. [citation needed], The first German attacks began almost immediately and employed different tactics from the morning mission. Even so, two damaged B-17s turned away from the Regensburg task force and landed in neutral Switzerland, where their crews were interned and the bombers confiscated. The results of the bombing were exaggerated, and the high losses were well disguised in after-mission reports. Deshalb wurde in den Jahren 1939 bis 1941 fr die Flakartillerie im Sden der Stadt zwischen der heutigen Galgenbergstrae und dem Unterislinger Weg eine Kaserne erbaut, die nach dem Krieg den Namen. I have all of these wagon sets - from Liliput, Marklin, and Trix - of transported and disassembled Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters (plus the new 2009 Marklin releases on order) and have nowhere for these train consists to originate. They were relocated to Wittmundhafen as the airfield at Deelen proved unfit for the Me 163 aircrafts operation. Minds: @PlaneEncyclopedia. [walterwerke.co.uk]. D. Donald (1990) German aircraft of the WWII, D. SHarp (2015) Luftwaffe secret jets of the Third Reich, Mortons Media Group, H. Morgan and J. Weal (1998) German Jet Aces of the World War 2 , Osprey Aerospace. On that day, another accident led to the death of a pilot and the loss of yet another aircraft. 183 bombers dropped 424.3 tons of bombs, including 125 tons of incendiary bombs. P.R.U. First wave of attack. The fuselage could be divided into three sections, the cockpit, the central fuel tanks, and the rear engine compartment. Juli 1936 gegrndet als Zweigwerk des damals noch Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFW) genannten Augsburger Unternehmens, das 1938 umbenannt wurde in Messerschmitt AG.Das Werk im Westen von Regensburg entwickelte sich im Laufe des Zweiten Weltkrieges zu einem der leistungsfhigsten und produktivsten Flugzeugwerke. ", [Aerial view of Messerschmitt factory in Regensburg, Germany after aerial bombing], The James C. Stewart Fighter Ace Collection/The Museum of Flight, The James C. Stewart Fighter Ace Collection (2002-02-13.1098), Box 1, Folder 11, Series I - Photographic materials, circa 1930s-1969, Box: 1, Folder: 11 - Aerial photographs, circa 1942-1945. The task force consisted of seven B-17 Groups totalling 146 aircraft, each group but one flying a 21-aircraft combat box tactical formation. Bf 109G-6 MTT Regensburg 1/48. On occasion, there were accidents involving this system, when, for example, the dolly refused to release from the aircraft, or even worse, it could bounce off the ground and strike the aircraft from below. 29,95 US$. Zwar gab es im Reich ab 1936 einen Lohn- und Preisstopp, jedoch konnten diese Beschrnkungen bei den Anwerbungen von einem kriegswichtigen Rstungsbetrieb wie Messerschmitt leicht umgangen werden, oder die Beschrnkungen wurden durch Vergnstigungen, wie gute Sozialleistungen, kostenfreie Sportanlagen, Bcherei, und Schwimmbder ausgeglichen. Um den Bedarf zu decken wurden Tausende Zwangsarbeiter und Kriegsgefangene eingesetzt, die in Barackensiedlungen entlang der Prfeninger Strae untergebracht wurden und auch in Turnhallen, in Slen und im Colosseum, dem im spteren KZ-Auenlager Regensburg. Very enjoyable site and, as far as I know, accurate. These units were renamed in November or December 1944 to 5. and 6./JG 400. While the cockpit was not pressurized, it could be jettisoned to help the pilot escape the aircraft in case of emergency. The company's management were forced to look for new products with which to maintain their position in the market. First wave of attack. The 101 CG was made up of B-17s from the 381st (7), 351st (6), and 91st (6) BG. Colonel LeMay ordered the formation to perform two 10-minute turns over Switzerland, allowing damaged aircraft to rejoin the formation before flying to North Africa. Im Herbst 1938 wurde die Produktion der Messerschmitt Bf 109 von Haunstetten bei Augsburg nach Regensburg verlegt. I've googled, checked out Amazon.com and Amazon.de (Germany), and the Wikipedia. While in theory, this should work without any issue, in some cases the dolly would simply bounce off the ground and hit the aircraft from below potentially causing damage to it. During this attack, several Me 163s were damaged. [27] All the factories except Kugelfischer had extensive fire damage to machinery when incendiaries ignited the machine oil used in the manufacturing process. This was mainly done to reduce the overall weight of the aircraft. 400. unit. From this point on Messerschmitt became a favorite of the Nazi party, as much for his designs as his political abilities and the factory location in southern Germany away from the "clumping" of aviation firms on the northern coast. The Me 163 was armed initially with two MG 151 and later with MK 108 cannons which were placed in the wing roots. This caused further delays in training operations, until August 23rd. In comparison to the predecessor, the B-version had a number of modifications. Initially, in the three-wheel configuration, it was to tow the Me 163 along the airfield, using its own dolly, to a designated takeoff position on the airfield (upper picture). Milch still prevented Messerschmitt's takeover of the BFW until 1938, hence the designation "Bf" of early Messerschmitt designs. According to initial plans, this unit was to be formed at least by the end of 1943 or in early 1944 depending on the sources. Theater Censor ETOUSA. Losses among the 57 B-17s of the lead wing were so severe that many among its airmen considered the possibility that the wing might be annihilated before reaching the target. The Me 163B-0 series was armed with the weaker 20mm cannon while the Me 163 B-1 with the stronger 30mm cannon. Once the engine consumed all the fuel reserves, the aircraft essentially became a simple glider that was vulnerable to enemy fighter cover. While its speed was great, its maximum burn time for the engine was only slightly longer than 7 minutes, however this capability could be stretched by the pilots ability to switch the engine on and off throughout the flight. This had a thrust power ranging from 100 kg (220 lbs) to 1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) or 1,700 kg (3,750 lbs), depending on the source. In February 1916, the south German engineering company MAN AG and several banks purchased the unprofitable aircraft builder Otto-Flugzeugwerke, starting a new company, Bayerische Flugzeugwerke AG (abbreviated B.F.W.). Otherwise, Nada. Die 1926 in Augsburg gegrndeten Bayerischen Flugzeugwerke (BFW) wurden nach der Machtergreifung der NSDAP und nach dem NSDAP-Beitritt des Chefkonstrukteurs Willy Messerschmitt von den NS-Behrden mit weitreichenden Auftrgen zur Entwicklung des neuen Jagdflugzeugs Messerschmitt Bf 109 bedacht. In addition the mission length for the Regensburg force was anticipated to be of eleven hours' duration, so that commanders had only a 90-minute "window" in which to launch the mission and still allow the 4th Bombardment Wing B-17s to reach North Africa in daylight. Eduard has chosen to depict the Bf 109 G-10 produced at the Messerschmitt Regensburg factory. 40,000 inmates from Spain, Italy, Poland, Slovenia, France, Russia, Hungarian Jews and twenty other nationalities were murdered during the production of these aircraft at KZ Gusen. Given the previous success, of destroying 5 enemy bombers with a limited number of available Me 163, attempts were made to increase the number of squadrons with 20 aircraft. To split the German defense, these raids were supposed to occur simultaneously, with the Regensburg force landing at airfields in North Africa. It had 6 Me 163s, of which only one was equipped with a rocket engine. To avoid concentrating the production in one location, given the Allied bombing campaign, Junkers dispersed it across numerous smaller companies. The production of Bf 109s (and almost half of all German fighters) was located in Regensburg and in Wiener Neustadt, Austria. I have been looking all over for some 1940s era photographs of the Messerschmitt factories in Augsburg or Regensburg. Am gleichen Tag wurde auch das sdlich benachbarte Verwaltungsgebude (Prfeningerstr. In the final analysis, the Me 163 theoretically possessed great potential for a rocket-powered aircraft. Interestingly, the town of Schweinfurt contained 80 percent of Germany's ball bearing industry. Die Werksanlagen waren ber einen eigens angelegten Radweg erreichbar.[1][3]. [1], Diese Entwicklung fr das Werk Augsburg erforderte die Grndung eines Zweigwerkes fr die Produktion der Flugzeuge vom Typ Messerschmitt Bf 108 eines auch militrisch nutzbaren Kurierflugzeugs, das auch Taifun genannt wurde. While most of the shareholders accepted his offer, MAN AG initially held on to its shareholding in BFW, but Castiglioni wanted to acquire all the shares. While generally successful, during sharp maneuvers at a speed of some 800 km/h, the ammunition belts proved prone to malfunction. 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