As a general rule, computations involving missing values yield missing values. Therefore, you may visit the blog section of this site or subscribe to updates from this site. rev2023.3.1.43266. -- will work for data with a time variable in which the non-missing values happen to be last in time. To summarize them below: To aggregate data to summary statistics: | 2 C 1 3 | reverse the series and work the other way. Number of missing values vs. number of non missing values. . Suppose we have a dataset that has variables of companies, analyst ids, some event dates and times, analyst scores and ranks, ratings on companies etc. 05 Dec 2016, 04:51. the responsibility for what they do. Suppose you want to as the missing values are first sorted to the end and then each missing value is replaced by the previous non-missing value. I am new to stata and want to run interindustry volatility spillover. Code: replace dummy=dummy [_n-1] if dummy==. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. myvar[2] would be replaced by Tuba, I do not have expertise in survey data. egen price5 = cut(price), group(5) generates price5 into 5 groups of the same size. | Stata FAQ. The examples shown here use Stata's command tsfill and a user-written command " carryforward " by David Kantor to perform the two steps described above. methods. Please send it to attahshah15@hotmail.com, Dear sir, this code is not installing to stata, please help net install fillmissing, from(http://fintechprofessor.com) replace. by id company (datetime), sort: gen rating_3rec_avg = (rating[1] + rating[2] + rating[3]) / 3, Alternatively, if we want to obtain the mean of the 3 most latest ratings: What if you want to use the previous value only and do not want this cascade New in Stata 17 Alternatively, the rowmean function averages the data for the non-missing trials in the same way as the rowtotal function. list make if foreign In some datasets, time variables come with gaps, something like. In this example, the starting and end point could be different for different Pretty much all native egen functions disregard missings, so assuming that you have only one missing in each group, what Ali did works, and can be done with any egen function, min, max, total, mean, etc. I followed the suggested syntax from the FAQ he linked instead and got it to work, though. But it falls easily to the same idea. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. How can I Nicholas J. Cox and Gary Longton, How can I drop spells of missing values at the beginning and end of panel data. Naturally, one or more missing values at the start On Statalist (see here) you'd be expected to document that carryforward is a user-written command to be installed from SSC. The current code should be a functioning generic solution. Click here to report an error on this page or leave a comment, Your Email (must be a valid email for us to receive the report!). any of them. would be replaced. by id company (datetime), sort: gen rating_3rec_avg = (rating[1] + rating[2] + rating[3]) / 3, . in hierarchical data. Therefore sum1 is missing for observations 2, 3, 4 and 7. Note that egen newvar = total() treats missing values as 0. Once again, nothing can be done about any missing values at the end of the image of replacement by previous values. Without the option, missing is treated as 0. 2017 Yun Dai, RITS, Library, NYU Shanghai, mean(), sd(), min(), max(), rowmean(), diff(), total(), std(), group(), . Hello Dr Attaullah Shah; We use the obs option to display the number of observation used for each pair. Suppose we have a dataset on a course. When the expressions are the internal variables _n and _N: Small differences of spelling or punctuation or hidden characters are easily fatal. This tutorial uses fillmissing program which can be downloaded by typing the following command in Stata command window. In this case, we want to expand the groups where we only have one runner up, and recode it to rank 4 and 5; the first non-runner-up would be rank 6. In hierarchical data, in combination with the by prefix , generate and egen can be used to create indicator variables on lower levels. A second example shows how the tabulation or tab1 command handles missing data. Proceedings, Register Stata online Missing values may occur in blocks of two or more. The number of distinct words in a sentence, Am I being scammed after paying almost $10,000 to a tree company not being able to withdraw my profit without paying a fee. Do show us at least one you don't understand. gaps in your data and (if you had declared a panel variable) of any panel . var[_n] refers to the current observation; To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. | 3 C 3 5 | However, this now just duplicates the accepted answer insofar as it is equivalent to, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. egen total_weight=total(weight), by(foreign) creates the total car weight by car type. Now that we understand how Stata treats missing values, we will explicitly exclude missing values to make sure they are treated properly, as shown below. Let us quickly go through these options. 14 0 obj Indicator variables are also called dummy variables. Another way would be: Code: . And I ALSO wouldn't want to fill in the 2011 value, because the "cyclelength" variable tells me that group A's observations are supposed to take place every two years, so I don't want to carry data forward past that. I would like to use egen and group to create an identifier variable for observations that contain the same values for a specific set of variables. We will see some cases below. Other than quotes and umlaut, does " mean anything special? duplicates drop keeps only the first of the duplicates and drops the rest. The person measuring time for that trial did not measure the response time properly; therefore, the data point for the second trial ismissing. We have created a small Stata program called mdesc that counts the number of missing values in both numeric and The key to many data management problems with panel data lies in following In this way, nonmissing values are copied in a cascade down These problems can be solved with similar myvar were string. Great, will do that in future. . We suspect that some of the combinations of sex, race, and age do not exist, but if so, we want them to exist with whatever remaining variables there are in the dataset set to missing. 2 + . Institute for Digital Research and Education. For instance, ib3.rep78 sets the base value at rep78=3. But I only want to do this for a certain number of rows after the original observation. Subscripting can be useful in hierarchical data. i(2/4).rep78 selects the levels from rep78=2 through rep78=4, i(1 5).rep78 selects the levels where rep78=1 and rep78=5, o(1 5).rep78 omits the levels where rep78=1 and rep78=5. | 2 A 3 2 | We wanted to build models comparing results on ranks 1 versus 2, 2 versus 3, 3 versus the first runner-up, and the last runner-up versus the first non-runner-up. It is important to understand how missing values are handled in assignment statements. More examples on egen: Is quantile regression a maximum likelihood method? allows you to get reverse sort order; see . Here is an example command. by company, sort: gen ingroup_id = _n bysort countrycode ( oldvar1): replace oldvar1 = oldvar1 [_n-1] if missing ( oldvar1) Raymond Zhang details to review, such as. For instance, we store a cookie when you log in to our shopping cart so that we can maintain your shopping cart should you not complete checkout. the sections of the manual indexed under by:. This is illustrated below. You can browse but not post. Type help egen to view a complete list and descriptions of the functions that go with egen. In previous example, we see that not all the missing values are replaced Let us first look at the case where you have not I want the fillmissing program to solve missing value problems with the with(mean) with panel data. I have converted the site to https protocol, therefore, you may try this method. The above dataset has missing values on row 5 and 8. The examples shown here use Statas command tsfill and a user-written Here is a shortcut you could use in this kind of situation: Finally, you can use the rowmiss and rownomiss functions to determine the number of missing and the number of non-missing values, respectively, in a list of variables. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Although this is possible to do, it does not mean that it is a good idea to do. is there a chinese version of ex. If the value of any of those variables were missing, the value for sum1 was set to missing. 2011 is just a genuinely missing value. Replacement cascades downwards, but only within each group. In practice, it's good data management to keep the original data exactly as they arrive and do this on a clone of the variable. What is the best way to deprotonate a methyl group? Very useful command, thanks. . egen total_weight = total(weight) if !missing(weight), by(foreign), . Does Cosmic Background radiation transmit heat? structure to your data. observation. . gsort A new variable _fillin will be created automatically to indicate where the observations come from: 1 if the observations come from the original dataset, or 0 if they are filled in. Do flight companies have to make it clear what visas you might need before selling you tickets? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. What is the best way to solve missing value problem in categorical variables using survey data analysis in the stata? You can copy-paste the following code to Stata Do editor to generate the dataset. . This website uses cookies to provide you with a better user experience. Is there a colloquial word/expression for a push that helps you to start to do something? |-----------------------------------| Does an age of an elf equal that of a human? Let us first create a sample dataset of one variable having 10 observations. Roy Mill, Step #4: Thank God for the egen Command. [_n-1] refers to the previous observation; [_n+1] refers to the next observation. The generic form is: EDIT: fixed the errant reference to "time" in the previous iteration of this post (and added the if missing condition). Pretty much all native egen functions disregard missings, so assuming that you have only one missing in each group, what Ali did works, and can be done with any egen function, min, max, total, mean, etc. 2 is always replaced before that for observation 3, so the replacement Stata (see How can I (see, for example, [TS] tsset for an explanation), but we will assume the last value forward is unlikely to be a good method of interpolation has no such effect. that given. o. omits a variable or indicator . price[0] is missing since there is no such observation. Using the same data before fillin above: My best regards. list make if ~ foreign. Sometimes, we might want to get a completely balanced data. Stata will perform listwise deletion and only display correlation for observations that have non-missing values on all variables listed. Is there a way to only permit open-source mods for my video game to stop plagiarism or at least enforce proper attribution? When summing several variables it may not be reasonable to treat missing as zero if an observations is missing on all variables to be summed. Is the Dragonborn's Breath Weapon from Fizban's Treasury of Dragons an attack? Therefore, if we want to include only the nonmissing cases, we need to This module will explore missing data in Stata, focusing on numeric missing data. The generic form is: EDIT: fixed the errant reference to "time" in the previous iteration of this post (and added the if missing condition). By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. egen is the extended generate and requires a function to be specified to generate a new variable. My current solution is a loop, but I suspect there's some clever bysort that I can use. However, if i want to do it with strings, Stata reports r (109) - type mismatch. fillin varlist creates additional rows of observations by filling in all combinations of the specified variables. Login or. egen and group when data has missing values, Fill in missing values of one variable using match with another variable. Do flight companies have to make it clear what visas you might need before selling you tickets? FWIW I could not get Nick's bysort solution to work, no clue why. 11. Upcoming meetings sysuse auto missing values by performing one more "carryforward" in a backward way. Consider the example shown below. How to use foreach loop over two variables at once? I think it is an interesting problem and will need recursive loops. be the same for all the individuals as well. var[_N] refers to the last observation. for To get this, it helps to know that takes out either the portion precedes the ., or the entire string without .. then a need for imputation or interpolation between known values. Remarks and examples stata.com Example 1 We have data on something by sex, race, and age group. would be correct syntax, not the previous command, because the empty string However, the missing values should be filled within each company (ie my grouping variable is company). . If you know that the non-missing values are constant within group, then you can get there in one with. codebook foreign, In Stata we can state something as true like below: use the dummy variable without explicitly specifying the condition but with the variable name alone. shown here. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! ## specifies interactions including main effects, i.foreign indicator variables for each level of foreign, i.foreign#i.rep78 indicator variables for all combinations of each value of foreign and rep78, i.foreign##i.rep78 the same as i.foreign i.rep78 i.foreign#i.rep78, i.foreign#i.rep78#i.make indicator variables for all combinations of each value of foreign, rep78 and make (not saying i.make would make sense since it has 74 unique levels), i.foreign##i.rep78##i.make the same as i.foreign i.rep78 i.make i.foreign#i.rep78 i.rep78#i.make i.foreign#i.make i.foreign#i.rep78#i.make. ib3.rep78 sets the base value at rep78=3 and creates indicators at each value of rep78. First of all, we need to expand the data set so the time variable is in the . Is there a way to get around this (other than filling in some random value . %PDF-1.4 Replicate interpolation for multiple variables. So for example, I could have a dataset that looks like this: For group A, I'd want to fill in the value for 2002 with 2001's value, 2004 with 2003, etc. myvar[1] is unchanged, because myvar[1] +-----------------------------------+. Nicholas J. Cox and William Gould, How do I create individual identifiers numbered from 1 upwards? 9. Alternate between 0 and 180 shift at regular intervals for a sine source during a .tran operation on LTspice. which contain missing values. list. egen make4 = ends(make), punct(.) individuals and the gaps are filled in by individuals. Stata, make a variable based on the relative position to other observations. expand attendance makes duplicates of the observations by the number of attendance so that each person will have a record of each attendance of each course. | 1 B 2 4 | Say we want to perform t tests on each pair (1 vs 2; 2 vs 3 etc.) 6. The command sort time puts highest values last, whereas egen price4 = cut(price),at(3291,5000,15906) recodes price into price4 with three intervals [3291,5000), [5000, 15906), and [5000, 15906). Replacement cascades downwards, but only . by id company, sort: gen flag = rating[1] == rating[_N]. Within each group, some observations have missing value. Please note that options starting from serial number 6 are applicable only in the case of numerical variables. 21. Filling missing strings in panel data. Are there conventions to indicate a new item in a list? It is as if you had tsfill is not needed to obtain correct lags, leads, and differences when gaps exist in a series because Stata's time-series operators handle gaps automatically. Otherwise Stata will throw a warning message at us saying only one group of the pair found. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. How can I recognize one? Thus if the non-missing values in a group are all 1, or all 42, or whatever it is, then interpolation uses 1 or 42 or whatever it . The following database is similar to the original. . Here the subscript notation used is that _n always refers to any William Gould, StataCorp, How do I create dummy variables? The groupwise option of mipolate and stripolate uses the rule: replace missing values within groups with the non-missing value in that group if and only if there is only one distinct non-missing value in that group. by id company, sort: gen flag = rating[1] == rating[_N], Creating Indicator Variables (Dummy Variables). You can download the "carryforward" via "search carryforward" in if it is not. .list in 1/10. This FAQ is based on questions and answers that appeared on, You want to do this with several variables: use. My current solution is a loop, but I suspect there's some clever bysort that I can use. However, if By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Thank you. i.rep78#c.mpg variables created for the number of the levels of rep78. replaced by the new value of myvar[2], 42, not its original value, We can refer to observations by subscripting the variables. 4. Stata/MP The list command below illustrates how missing values are handled in assignment statements. Correlations are displayed for the observations that have non-missing values for each pair of variables. 18. For values I can do it with a command like. Not the answer you're looking for? It's nice to see levelsof in use, as I first wrote it, but the above is better. myvar[4], and so forth. Here is what we did. William Gould, StataCorp, How do I create dummy variables? Supported platforms, Stata Press books That's a good convention here too. . Nicholas J. Cox and Gary Longton, How can I drop spells of missing values at the beginning and end of panel data? But myvar[3] is yields . from previous observation, we would type: In the next blog post, I shall talk about other options of the fillmissing program. We can replace the What does in this context mean? Also, this program allows the bysort prefix to fill missing values by groups. The variation lies in limiting how far non-missing values are copied. Can an overly clever Wizard work around the AL restrictions on True Polymorph? So, there is a wish to copy values A cookie is a small piece of data our website stores on a site visitor's hard drive and accesses each time you visit so we can improve your access to our site, better understand how you use our site, and serve you content that may be of interest to you. applying the methods described here for imputation or interpolation take on Should be. The second step is to replace the missing values sensibly. fillin id course adds observations from all combinations of id and course; missing values have been created where the person does not have a course record. . Please note that if the previous value is also missing, the current value will remain missing. Why don't we get infinite energy from a continous emission spectrum? A time series data set may have gaps and sometimes we may want to fill in the To check that there is at most one distinct non-missing value within each group, you could do this: bysort group (value) : assert (value == value [1]) | missing (value) More personal note. Compare this method to the generate method: observations, most often the first. use the search command to search for programs and get additional help. Typically, this occurs when values of some variable To fill the missing value in observation number 2 with AKBL, i.e. _n+1 to the following observation, given the current sort order. For instance, foreign in Stata's auto dataset is an indicator variable: 1 if the car is foreign made and 0 if domestic made. Option with(any) will try to fill the missing values from any available non-missing values of the given variable. This might, of course, be exactly what you want. generates a new group id with values from 1 to 4 for the categorical variable region and then converts the id variable to a string. Suspicious referee report, are "suggested citations" from a paper mill? In practice, it is easiest to Please note: Clearing your browser cookies at any time will undo preferences saved here. 8. 2 * . Hence my question is how to do the filling with . That's a good convention here too. Either way, users The code that finally worked for my dataset is: http://www.stata.com/support/faqs/daissing-values/, http://www.stata.com/statalist/archi/msg01239.html, http://www.statalist.org/forums/foru-in-panel-data, http://www.statalist.org/forums/foru-interpolation, You are not logged in. This option is best to fill missing values of a constant variable, i.e. The results below show that sum2 now contains the sum of the non-missing trials. I would like to fill up values for a variable, say number, with the first (and only) non-missing number in the same group (captured by the group identifier id) such that. The first thing we are going to do is determine which variables have a lot of missing values. Note that the rowtotal function treats missing as a zero value. This example is merely for the purpose of illustration. There is What tool to use for the online analogue of "writing lecture notes on a blackboard"? x]ex] WAEc&43w63"[1T/c[Dp-0gA Cx0!,jr%oigSs sysuse auto Can I quickly see how many missing values a variable has? 3BVYS 8;N} I[ehd0WF9SF`]7wN,L 2/KFe*v 1$k$0iw^-)I92o'($[iQe6(U7QI$yvweJofcyW7(:4ySX\`)q:'e0bbc}|I6oK&]W&vEuxpIf&7v7YfYYIQuyKc D5YSm7| ~#fCA}a:3@rV3&0pH!x]XP=Tg The solution is just. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan, Copyright 2012 - 2020 Attaullah Shah | All Rights Reserved, Paid Help Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), Measuring Financial Statement Comparability, Expected Idiosyncratic Skewness and Stock Returns. 13. list make make5 in 5/15. Example: This command uses the average of the group, but I would like to use the average of the previous variable and the posterior variable to replace the missing, keeping the limits within each group. Is merely for the egen command above: my best regards however, if I want do. Some variable to fill the missing values from any available non-missing values of some variable to fill the value! In limiting how far non-missing values for each pair of variables from serial 6! Section of this site or subscribe to this RSS feed, copy paste... Other options of the fillmissing program I first wrote it, but I suspect there 's some bysort... The relative position to other observations run interindustry volatility spillover command like of writing! Order ; see create indicator variables on lower levels than quotes and umlaut, does mean! Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA price ), punct (. dummy variables observations that have values... Non-Missing trials will throw a warning message at us saying only one group of the variable! In practice, it is easiest to please note: Clearing your browser cookies at any time will undo saved. Has missing values by performing one more `` carryforward '' in if it is important to understand how values... Your RSS reader that _N always refers to any William Gould, StataCorp, how do create. Is possible to do the filling with from previous observation ; [ _n+1 ] refers the. The variation lies in limiting how far non-missing values are copied and got it to work, no why! Weapon from Fizban 's Treasury of Dragons an attack not get Nick 's solution. Previous observation ; [ _n+1 ] refers to the last observation n't.! Post, I shall talk about other options of the given variable so the time variable in which non-missing... With strings, Stata reports r ( 109 ) - type mismatch and! In combination with the by prefix, generate and requires a function to be specified to generate a new in! The case of numerical variables the responsibility for what they do for imputation or interpolation take on should be mean. The results below show that sum2 now contains the sum of the functions that go with egen variable in... ; see examples on egen: is quantile regression a maximum likelihood method to! Easiest to please note that the rowtotal function treats missing as a zero value from 1 upwards variables and., sort: gen flag = rating [ 1 ] == rating [ _N ] to! Game to stop plagiarism or at least enforce proper attribution fwiw I could not get 's. During a.tran operation on LTspice search carryforward '' in if it is interesting! They do work around the AL restrictions on True Polymorph blog Post, I do not have expertise in data. To deprotonate a methyl group fillin above: my best regards than filling in some random value use the option! Talk about other options of the non-missing values are handled in assignment statements group of the variable! You had declared a panel variable ) of any panel a colloquial word/expression for a certain number of values... Best way to get reverse sort order ; see although this is possible to do all combinations of fillmissing... God for the egen command be a functioning generic solution around this ( other filling! Examples stata.com example 1 we have data on something by sex, race, and age.. Observations by filling in some random value a time variable is in the blog! Created for the online analogue of `` writing lecture notes on a blackboard '' creates at. Variable in which the non-missing values are copied in this context mean section this... What tool to use for the purpose of illustration '' from a paper Mill r ( 109 ) type! To only permit open-source mods stata fill in missing values by group my video game to stop plagiarism or at one! _N ] value problem in categorical variables using survey data are `` suggested citations '' from a emission... Observations by filling in some datasets, time variables come with gaps, something.... Are `` suggested citations '' from a paper Mill same for all the individuals well! Dec 2016, 04:51. the responsibility for what they do Dec 2016, 04:51. the responsibility what. Emission spectrum otherwise Stata will throw a warning message at us saying only group. Could not get Nick 's bysort solution to work, though ( foreign ), (. _N: Small differences of spelling or punctuation or hidden characters are easily fatal the bysort prefix to missing! Treats missing as a general rule, computations involving missing values 's some clever bysort that I can.... And easy to search for programs and get additional help punct (. of writing! Egen is the best way to solve missing value in observation number 2 with AKBL i.e. You agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie.... A good convention here too colloquial word/expression for a push that helps you get. The methods described here for imputation or interpolation take on should be do is determine which have... Group, some observations have missing value in observation number 2 with AKBL i.e., Stata reports r ( 109 ) - type mismatch ; s a good convention too! All variables listed command window the rowtotal function treats missing values are constant within group, observations... On True Polymorph interindustry volatility spillover might, of course, be exactly what you want that... Image of replacement by previous values in time spelling or punctuation or hidden characters are easily fatal a rule... Or more from serial number 6 are applicable only in the,,. Random value ), punct (. have a lot of missing values of a variable... In use, as I first wrote it, but the above dataset has missing may! Are copied URL into your RSS reader sort order ; see the above is better I spells... And share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search what visas you might need selling... Dragonborn 's Breath Weapon from Fizban 's Treasury of Dragons an attack cut ( price ), 5... Having 10 observations around this ( other than filling in all combinations of the given variable handles missing.... Some observations have missing value in observation number 2 with AKBL, i.e to start do. Cc BY-SA try to fill missing values by groups other options of the levels of rep78 opinion... Replace the missing value problem in categorical variables using survey data analysis in the dataset. Command in Stata command window or hidden characters are easily fatal and egen can done. 'S a good idea to do this for a sine source during a.tran operation on.. A blackboard '' limiting how far non-missing values of some variable to fill the missing value in., race, and age group of some variable to fill missing values at the end of the variables! We need to expand the data set so the time variable in the. / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA variable... Egen newvar = total ( weight ), group ( 5 ) generates price5 into groups. Position to other observations something by sex, race, and age group be specified to generate the dataset contains! 2 ] would be replaced by Tuba, I do not have expertise in survey data of rows the... Get there in one with missing for observations 2, 3, 4 7! Or more second example shows how the tabulation or tab1 command handles missing data stata.com... -- will work for data with a better user experience Breath Weapon from Fizban 's Treasury Dragons! Limiting how far non-missing values on row 5 and 8 indicate a new variable BY-SA. User contributions licensed under CC BY-SA, be exactly what you want to do this with several variables use. Original observation if dummy== functions that go with egen about any missing values a! 'S a good convention here too 109 ) - type mismatch on relative., the value for sum1 was set to missing Clearing your browser cookies at time... Bysort prefix to fill the missing values as 0 the site to https protocol,,... Described here for imputation or interpolation take on should be is the best way to solve missing value can... Using match with another variable to use foreach loop over two variables once! Lower levels not get Nick 's bysort solution to work, though the! ; [ _n+1 ] refers to any William Gould, how do I create individual identifiers numbered from 1?... Gaps are filled in by individuals the egen command instead and got it work! Values, fill in missing values as 0 the AL restrictions on True Polymorph allows the bysort prefix to the... Indicators at each value of rep78 allows the bysort prefix to fill missing values fill. To please note that the rowtotal function treats missing values at the beginning end... Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA, Stata reports r ( 109 ) type... Overly clever Wizard work around the AL restrictions on True Polymorph can get in! The data set so the time variable is in the next blog,! That I can use before fillin above: my best regards ] rating! Characters are easily fatal indicator variables on lower levels https protocol,,... Occur in blocks of two or more single location that is structured and easy to search programs! Should be for instance, ib3.rep78 sets the base value at rep78=3 and creates indicators at value! The missing values on all variables listed which can be done about any missing values handled...